Journal Article on Mesons
Abstract Mesons, as quark–antiquark bound states, occupy a central role in the study of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and the Standard Model of particle physics. Their properties reveal fundamental aspects of confinement, chiral symmetry breaking, and CP violation. Light mesons such as pions and kaons serve as mediators of nuclear forces and probes of weak interactions. In contrast, heavy mesons such as charmonium and bottomonium provide insight into quark-gluon plasma formation and heavy-quark dynamics. Recent advances in lattice QCD have achieved remarkable precision in predicting meson masses and decay constants, aligning closely with experimental data. Furthermore, the discovery of exotic mesons, including tetraquarks and glueball candidates, challenges conventional quark models and expands the frontier of hadronic physics. This synthesis underscores the importance of meson research in bridging theoretical predictions with experimental verification, while highlighting their implicat...
