Supersymmetry in Physics: A Theoretical Framework for Unifying Fundamental Interactions
Abstract Supersymmetry (SUSY) has emerged as one of the most influential theoretical frameworks in modern particle physics, offering a profound extension to the Standard Model by introducing a symmetry between fermions and bosons. This paradigm addresses several unresolved challenges, including the hierarchy problem, gauge coupling unification, and the existence of viable dark matter candidates. By incorporating superpartners into quantum field theory, SUSY stabilizes the Higgs boson mass against radiative corrections and predicts the convergence of fundamental forces at high-energy scales. Furthermore, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), often identified as the neutralino, provides a compelling candidate for cold dark matter consistent with cosmological observations. Despite extensive searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), direct evidence for supersymmetric particles remains elusive, with current experimental bounds pushing mass limits for squarks and gluinos into the mu...
